The Phoenician Resort Essays - Religion, Culture, Western Asia

The Phoenician Resort Essays - Religion, Culture, Western Asia The Phoenician Resort Presentation By what method can 130 sections of land of resort settle anyplace, particularly in the core of a flourishing city known as The Valley of the Sun? However, through the mix of arranging and engineering, this cut of desert paradise appears to circumspectly settle against Camelback Mountain, its sandstone porches scarcely detectable. Indeed, even in the core of Arizona's Sonoran desert, the very much manicured arranging is lavish and full grown, complemented with a beautiful prickly plant garden bragging 350 assortments blossoming succulents that pull in bright desert hummingbirds. Engineering is without a moment's delay noteworthy and subtle. The Phoenician Resort, an extravagant stretch of desert chic, is home to 18 PGA-endorsed gaps dissipated across lavish green fairways. The Resort flaunts 580 exquisite rooms, suites, and casitas; a lit 11-court tennis complex; seven pools; in addition to a Center for Well Being that alleviates and challenges body and soul. Cafés take into account tastes extending from Mediterranean Country to Southwestern Casual to customary English tea. A gifted and mindful inn staff give flawless visitor administration (Rice, 1994). The Phoenician additionally offers magnificent gathering offices with 60,000 square feet of meeting space, a 22,000 square-foot great assembly hall, 21 meeting rooms, and two meeting rooms. A Business Center, an individualized Butler Program, just as in-house Audio-Visual and Destination Services Departments take into account a gathering's and all participant's needs. From the earliest starting point, the Phoenician was imagined as a retreat that would consolidate the advantage of Europe's top hostelries with the hues, surfaces, and feeling of the Southwest. Since its opening in October, 1988, The Phoenician has pulled in vacationers, business customer base, and reputation from around the globe. An anteroom graced with imported Italian marble, Persian mats, precious stone light fixtures, delicate rugs, profound love seats, gold leaf itemizing, and mile-high blossom game plans flown in from Europe and Hawaii (Davis, 1993) proposes in excess of a standard lavish lodging. Every one of the Phoenician's sumptuous visitor room housing have a view, including the Resort's two 3,200-square-foot presidential suites that come total with infant terrific piano, gourmet kitchen, formal lounge area, easygoing family room with chimney, and 24-hour steward administration. With Charles Keating's monogram deleted from the center of the shocking hall's star burst-design marble floor, and in the possession of new proprietors Sheraton ITT, The Phoenician is a tribute to progress, not pathetic abundance (Reinman, 1994). What keeps on making The Phoenician fruitful is its capacity to complete its essentially expressed objective: furnish visitors with unrivaled extravagance administration. Unquestionably, all around refined authoritative relational abilities are vital so as to achieve this objective effectively. This part of the perception plan centers around the viability of correspondence between the Resort and the client in understanding the client's needs and desires for a gathering capacity, just as the adequacy of correspondence between the Resort the executives and representatives in effectively addressing the client's needs and desires for a gathering capacity. Furthermore, the perception plan takes a gander at the types of criticism got from clients after an occasion, which w! ould help the Resort in offering proceeded with prevalent support in future occasions. Perceptions Pre-Conference Meeting Concentrating on the composed, verbal, and non-verbal correspondence inside the Convention Services and Banquet Operations Departments, I went to a pre-gathering meeting with the visitor/bunch delegates of the International Association of Convention and Visitors Bureau (IACVB) and The Phoenician administration. Every office influenced by the planned occasion was spoken to, including both the Resort and General Manager. In an open, all around pointed gathering room set up with water administration, rewards, composing tablets and pencils, inn members assembled preceding the appearance of the visitor/bunch delegates. Resort staff individuals looked like cast entertainers in a long running Broadway play, made up to seem overwhelming in the creation they were going to participate. Stylishly wearing traditionalist business clothing, all around prepared, and with brilliant, mindful looks, every member showed up knowledgeable with the Group's Resume, just as the Time and Event Schedule for a ! aggregate of 182 individual occasions, every one of which had been disseminated to the offices preceding the pre-gathering meeting. At the proper beginning of the gathering, Mr. Steve Therriault, Convention Services Manager, presented Ms. Wendy Shapiro as the visitor/bunch agent for the IACVB, and he presented the nearby delegate from the Phoenix Convention and Visitors Bureau. Ms. Shapiro profiled the IACVB as a worldwide association, speaking to

Admission essay for a postgraduate in fashion marketing

When I finished my college class, I understood that my future vocation would be in style, despite the fact that my instruction was in the travel industry management.Today, glancing back at a broad encounter I aggregated in the field, I feel that opportunity has arrived for me to improve my instructive foundation with the goal that my hypothetical information coordinated my handy abilities. I am sure that increasing postgraduate training in Fashion Marketing will make me fully aware of new energizing open doors for my business.My way in the style business started directly after graduation when I went to Italy to examine workmanship history and photography. I took up an establishment in my own nation, an undertaking that began as an interest, as a tribute to my drawn out adoration for style and plan, yet soon it transformed into my occupation. My style for good structure, a great comprehension of the business, and an enthusiastic love for what I was doing helped me open two stores of m y own inside a brief timeframe. Our organization holds the Franchise Havaianas Brazilians shoes in Ecuador, spoke to by 60 of offer everywhere throughout the country.In the procedure of arduous work coordinated at business development, I understood that I additionally needed to use my enterprise aptitudes and capacities to improve the life of our locale. In light of this reason, I joined the positions of the nearby Chamber of Commerce.At the time, this is the activity that empowers me to have any kind of effect in the life of individuals around me through starting a large group of tasks and meeting with other representatives with an end goal to cause conditions for business to improve in the zone. Following two years of my commitment in the load, I can glance back at various effective ventures including instructional classes, courses, and exertion to improve the procedure of fabric imports in Ecuador.My pioneering experience, the way that I own two organizations at 22 years old, and my investment in the Chamber of Commerce gave one well known Ecuadorian magazine grounds to choose me for the â€Å"Woman of the Year† grant. In spite of the fact that I didn't win this profoundly serious honor, I enjoyed giving meetings and showing other ladies how to run their own business.Now that I have learned that style business can turn into the reason for my life, I am anxious to supplement my useful involvement in hypothetical establishments. Since my first degree is in Tourism Management, I accept that my expert information will be truly increased by courses explicitly identified with style and promoting specifically. Realizing how to best market style items to various objective gatherings, I will have the option to make a more prominent commitment to the design business and develop my business at a quickened rate.The explanation behind my decision of the program was its magnificent notoriety in proficient circles. Another significant factor was the London area. Ge tting a charge out of London life, I would be excited to concentrate in a city where design is a piece of mainstream society and the very air is soaked with new ideas.This degree will propel my objective of speaking to an assortment of style brands and beginning my own image eventually. I intend to follow my instructive way of thinking in all courses I am going to take, seeking after two objectives: share the information and experience I have gained during my work as business person and incorporate practice with theory.I realize I have the potential and enough foundation to put to utilize the information obtained in the style business. In the wake of taking part in such huge numbers of design weeks, I know a great deal of brands and their staff, so my strong notoriety in the business world can permit me to get suggestions from different organizations to speak to them in Ecuador.One thing I think about creation such associations a triumph is that I must be enamored with the brand and have a solid confidence in its future. Another is that I need to improve my instruction in the region to prove my involvement in a strong hypothetical foundation. To this point, I could generally make my fantasies work out as expected. I am sure that enrolment in the program can assist me with understanding my aggressive designs for what's to come.

How to write a Perfect Article Review

How to write a Perfect Article Review Any article review is a constructive and critical evaluation of literature in a specific field through a comparison, summary, analysis, or classification. If you need to write a scientific article review, use relevant database searches in your research process. This academic assignment provides you a great opportunity to evaluate and analyze the works of other experts in the chosen field. How to write an article review? You need to evaluate a given article for its originality, clarity, and contribution to a specific study. Understand the depth of evaluation and analysis that professors seek. Intro How should you write an article review? Sometimes, teachers don’t ask to use articles as primary sources, so you can write a review on any academic, scientific, or scholarly work. This type of assignment shows how well you can find relevant articles through your in-depth research. An article review is the essay that contains your well-structured and critical assessment of the chosen literary work. To earn good grades, it’s not enough to make a summary of the chosen article. What is article review? It’s a type of custom academic writing that requires high standards and your in-depth presentation of strong arguments. The main goal is to review a specific subject, summarize relevant facts, and give your clear understanding. Writing a good article review involves: Critiques and comparisons; Classifications and summarizations. You need to use different ideas, theories, and research related to a particular subject area. Your review won’t succeed if it doesn’t introduce any new information and it only presents a response to the works of other authors. What to describe article review? You need to clearly define the elements of your article review, including: A summary of the chosen article (identification of key facts, concepts, and claims without any non-informative compression of authors’ thoughts); A description of positive aspects (present your ideas about the objectivity, persuasiveness, and credibility of authors’ thoughts while evaluating their writing style, structure, and vocabulary); Your analysis of negative aspects (determine authors’ ideas that stay elaborated insufficiently or uncovered); Directions for future research or studies (make a strong statement why a further development of a specific subject is needed). Elements of good article review A good article review should include the following: Your hook or an attention-grabbing sentence that contains an interesting fact, life story, statistics, anecdote, literature or famous quote, or article extract; A great article abstract that must contain your summary of key points (use information from concluding and introductory parts); A powerful introduction with a strong thesis that reflects the main point of your article review; Transition words that make your paper logical; Indirect citations from the article, including interesting stats, facts, and other relevant data; Direct citations to support your writing; Subjective or objective critique through a definition of weak points in research, content disparities, and opposing views; A results section or discussion that summarizes the essence of everything important. Article review outline As you keep reading the chosen article, organize all ideas into coherent sections in your outline. Jot down all significant contributions, facts, and contradictions while identifying all strengths and shortcomings. Start mapping your article review outline accordingly. If you have any problems with brainstorming, check available samples. Your outline serves as a detailed plan of your future paper that helps you save a lot of time. Structure of article review A good article review must contain these basic parts: A pre-title page where you list the article that you will review, its title, authors, and their affiliations; Optional authors’ details, such as their phone numbers, email, and others; The title of your paper; A summary page (optional) that uses a simple language, provides a relevant background, summarizes results, and explains the importance of your work; A title page with a title and an abstract; The introduction with a strong thesis; Body with a few paragraphs and evidence to support your thesis; References or works cited; Tables and figures when needed. How to write an article review Read the chosen article attentively and take notes of interesting phrases, words, and concepts that you need to define and research. Find unknown terms online or in libraries and take clear notes that you can turn into strong paragraphs later. Discuss the chosen subject with other people. Gather enough materials to write a perfect article review. Schedule enough time to spend on researching and writing it. Start writing your first draft and ensure that you use the style that critiques, summarizes, or reviews the chosen material. Your successful article review must be something more than only a description because you need to analyze, understand, and interpret while offering a personal opinion when required. Write an introductory paragraph last to present your detailed analysis in a proper way. Put all paragraphs together and review your paper. The process of writing article review Summarize a specific article by revisiting everything that authors wrote. Take notes of relevant findings and facts while including authors’ conclusions. Critique the chosen article and present its strong and weak sides. Don’t forget to highlight the knowledge contributed to the field. Write about its contradictions and gaps to take your standpoint of either supporting or oppose authors’ assertions. It’s also necessary to support all of your arguments with strong facts and relevant theories pertinent to a particular field. Use relevant templates and rubrics to grade and evaluate your article. Crafting a conclusion When writing a conclusion of your article review, you need to revisit all key points, findings, and your critique. Write about the validity, accuracy, and relevance of results while giving your way forward for future studies or research. Topic ideas Draw attention to modern employment issues; Evaluate the effectiveness of remote learning; Determine differences between project and portfolio management; Dealing with multicultural identity; Role modeling and body size; Describe irony in articles; Same-gender couples growing kids in a healthy setting; Backgrounds of the chosen author; Character evolution; The system of evaluation in private colleges. How to choose a right topic In most cases, teachers assign specific topics to their students who need to write article reviews. Sometimes, you have a freedom to choose a good topic on your own. Don’t make a mistake of selecting the articles or subjects that aren’t interesting to you. If you have no idea of the article that you want to review, talk to your friends and family to get their useful suggestions. It’s advisable to peer through the textbooks relevant to the chosen subject because they usually contain many helpful references. When choosing the best article to review, ensure that its content appeals to you and you can easily understand it. Read some excerpts from it and pay attention to its style and vocabulary. Tips for writing To make the process of writing your article review easier, check these helpful tips. First, read the chosen article and organize all of your ideas. That’s because the pre-stage of article review writing involves repeated reading and jotting down relevant thoughts. Focus on inconsistencies and gaps. Create a detailed outline to save your time. It can have two types because it’s possible to either re-write the chosen text in your own words or list down its weak and strong sides. If you’re sure that there are wrong notions in the chosen article, mark them all down. Get a better understanding of abstract variations (informative and descriptive). The latter one is focused on general subjects, while an informative abstract spares a few lines for every analysis chapter. You should know the basic elements that go into this type of academic writing. A good article review consists of its title, abstract, introduction, body, conclusion, etc. If teachers require a special illustration section, map it out carefully. It serves as a visual representation of your paper structure. Feel free to include boxes to describe rare terms or concepts. Pay close attention to the main body of your article review, which contains a few paragraphs based on the number of your major points. Every paragraph should start with a separate point and continue with supporting facts or data. You aren’t required to including your personal likes or dislikes. The concluding paragraph of your article review should contain a hope for future research or studies. You need to reiterate the entire piece and include certain implications of the analysis to earn better grades. Article review samples and examples To learn how to write this academic paper, you should look at available article review examples and samples based on your grade level. They are easily available online and can guide the entire writing process. Use them as your helpful guides to avoid common pitfalls and use effective methods. Conclusion Whether you have a rough article review draft or a blank slate, you may need extra help. Don’t worry because you can easily get professional paper writing help online. Our qualified writers are highly professional and can successfully complete any academic assignment within any urgent deadlines.

Cosmetic surgery is a globally well-known term, which is...

Cosmetic surgery is a globally well-known term, which is undertaken to alter and enhance human self-imageand esteem.Cosmetic surgery is different from all other forms of surgeries and is a treatment for â€Å"want† rather than for â€Å"need†. Along with gaining popularity due to social obsession, it also creates health risks due to invasive surgery. This essay will argue for government control of cosmetic surgery in the areas of advertisement, medical malpractices and human welfare. Media advertising industry is playing a vital role in an exponential increase in cosmetic surgery. These advertisements need to be regulated that mislead viewers by showing unrealistic programs, for example rapid weight reduction reality shows. Recent data released†¦show more content†¦According to Niselle, legal claims against medical professionals have increased up to 50% during the year 1992 and 1996(as cited in Mcsherry, 2007). Major cause of this increase is inadequate knowledge and skills of medical practitioners who performs surgery with negligence that results into its failure and patient dissatisfaction. In December 2011, a press report outlined the case of silicon breast implant. The matter comes up when it was discovered that the silicon that was ruptured is of industrial quality suitable for mattresses and not for human breast. Latham asserts that this is the case of negligence and lack of regulation in surgical field (as cited in Mchale, 2012, p.190). Therefo re American board of medical specialties has approved 24 boards that certify surgeons who should act as per set code of ethics while treating their patient (as cited in Newell, 2011, p. 334). Proponent’s claim that medical practitioners should be well qualified, registered and expertise in their own specified field that gives assurance and quality service to patient. Although cosmetic surgery is totally individual decision but doctor should evaluate patient condition and should act in the best interest of patient that outweighs any harm or danger. Final reason for cosmetic surgery regulation is to provide patient with adequate knowledge and possible outcome of riskShow MoreRelatedGeneral Electric60506 Words   |  243 PagesChapter 1 explores the concepts surrounding organizational strategy. It begins with an explanation of the term strategy and offers a basis for how to identify a company’s particular strategy. Next, it explores the importance of striving for competitive advantage in the marketplace and examines the role strategy plays in achieving this advantage. The chapter then explores the idea that strategy is partly proactive and partly reactive. Next, a discussion on strategy and ethics is given. 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American Schools Are Not Providing A Quality Education

It is a fact that global society is becoming increasingly competitive. There is great concern that American schools are not providing a quality education. The widespread concern is fueled in part by international comparisons of student achievement. These same studies also indicate that American students spend less time in school compared to other countries. â€Å"Out of 20 nations, the U.S. average school year of 180 days was one of the shortest, and Japan s with 243 days was the longest† (Cite). Overall, American students do not perform as well academically as those from other countries around the globe. Business and civic leaders argue that the short school days and short school year in the United States will leave us lagging behind other industrialized nations of the world. So, is it possible that there is a correlation between the length of the school day and the children’s academic development in elementary school? Is â€Å"more† better when it comes to time in education? The question of how much time to require in education has been visited periodically. However, the basic school calendar has remained largely unchanged since the 19th century (Cite). The present school system came into existence in a time when most of the population lived in rural areas. Also, farming was one of the major industries of the United States. Oftentimes, the responsibilities that went with operating farms, including planting and harvesting, fell to the children of the family. Also, inShow MoreRelatedChecklist for Effective Reading Instruction1685 Words   |  7 Pages Equality of Educational Opportunities in the United States Education has an immense impact on the human society. The quality of human resource of a nation is easily judged by the number of literate population living in it. This is to say that education is a must if a nation aspires to achieve growth and development and more importantly sustain it. 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The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Free Essays

Anton Ermakov Period 4 US History Essay The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki On August 6th, 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, and then, three days later, dropped another bomb on Nagasaki. Since both bombs were dropped, there has been controversy over this important event. Some people feel strongly that the United States was justified in the decision to drop the bombs, whereas many other people believe that it was not necessary to bomb Japan at that point in the war. We will write a custom essay sample on The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki or any similar topic only for you Order Now Write a five-paragraph essay in which you state your opinion on this difficult issue and then explain, describe, and support your point of view with examples and details. The atomic bombings of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki occupy an important place among the most controversial events in the history of humanity. Even though almost seventy years passes since these events, their morality and justification are still questioned extensively by both scholars and ordinary people. In my opinion, the bombings were a grim necessity, which gave the US an opportunity to avoid heavy casualties and conclude the war triumphantly. In this essay, I am going to explain my views and provide arguments in favor of my point of view. Personally, I believe that using the deadliest weapon ever created by a man played a crucial role in crushing the Japanese morale and battle spirit. At the end of World War II, the Japanese society was heavily militarized and fanatically devoted to serving Emperor Hirohito, who was viewed as a living god by his subjects. Therefore, the entire country of Japan lived by the warrior code of bushido, ready to fight for the defense of their mainland. Despite this fatalistic readiness for a final fight, the Japanese were not ready for experiencing the terror of nuclear warfare. The tragic events at Hiroshima and Nagasaki forced the Japanese nation to abandon their will to fight to death, causing the Japanese government to agree with the American terms of surrender. Second of all, I believe that the bombings actually helped save tens of housands of lives from both sides of the conflict by helping the US military to bypass the need for a massive invasion of the Japanese mainland. Before the completion of the Manhattan Project, the military planned to mount an invasion from the newly-captured islands of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Considering the scale of the defensive preparations conducted by the Japanese government leads to me to believe that a conventional invasion of Japan would result in a massive number of A merican casualties. The operation of this magnitude would also be extremely harmful for the civilian population of Japan. These reasons make me believe that the unfortunate eradication of the two Japanese cities was a lesser evil. Finally the atomic bombings provided the United States with an opportunity to establish its position as a new superpower, demonstrating its military might to the prospective rival superpower of the USSR. Even though demonstrating the capabilities of a weapon of such destructive power on the civilian population is definitely immoral, it was the best way to showcase the atomic bomb, which eventually became an important asset in keeping the Soviet aggression in check. By using nuclear weapons in combat, the US managed to get an upper hand in an early arms race with the Soviet Union and maintain that position until the testing of the first Soviet nuclear bomb in 1949. In conclusion, I would like to say that, even though the bombing raids on Hiroshima and Nagasaki resulted in tens of thousands of civilian deaths, they were instrumental in overcoming the stubborn resistance of the Japanese government, bringing the war to an end, and saving a far greater number of lives in other Japanese cities. Beyond all doubt, these events are tragic, but they should not be perceived as a horrible and unnecessary atrocity. How to cite The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Essay examples

Operational Definition.Pdf free essay sample

Operational definitions serve two essential reposes: (1) They establish the rules and procedures the research investigator will use to measure the key variables of the study, and (2) they provide unambiguous meaning to terms that otherwise might be Interpreted in different ways. Every research proposal must include operational definitions of major variables and terms. Operational Definitions of Variables Suppose that a dependent variable of a study is knowledge about how HIATUS is transmitted.Before this variable can be measured, It is necessary first to establish the operational procedures that specify how the measurement will be made and at he same time define what the researcher means by the words knowledge about how HIATUS is transmitted. This variable must be defined in terms of events that are observable by the senses and therefore measurable. The observable events serve as an indicator of the variable, knowledge about HIVE AIDS transmission. Alone and by Itself, knowledge Is not observable by the senses. It Is an abstract concept. You cannot touch knowledge, see It, smell It, taste It, or hear It. What Is needed Is an observable event that can be measured and that Indicates knowledge. Usually, such an indicator of knowledge in an HIATUS study is based on a series of questions. For example, you might ask a respondent, Do you know how a person can become infected with AIDS? Please list all the ways you know a person can get AIDS. Can a person get AIDS from a mosquito bite? Can HIATUS be transmitted through a mothers breast milk? Each of these questions Indicates whether the respondent knows about certain aspects of HIVE/AIDS transmission. Asking a question and hearing a response is an observable event that can be measured. A research study might ask ten HIATUS knowledge questions. Each time a respondent gives an answer that indicates knowledge about HIATUS transmission, the researcher could record a score of one. Every time an answer is given that does not indicate knowledge about HIATUS transmission, the researcher could record a score of O.For each respondent, the researcher could then add the total number of score would range from O correct answers to ten correct answers. Persons with a score of O would be operationally defined as having no knowledge about HIVE/AIDS transmission. Persons with a score of ten would be operationally defined as having a gig level of knowledge about HIVE AIDS transmission. In your research proposal, the operational definition of knowledge might appear as: Knowledge about HIVE/AIDS transmission This is not the only way the variable could be defined operationally.You might wish to establish categories of HIVE/AIDS knowledge, distinguishing between those respondents who have high HIVE AIDS knowledge, medium knowledge, low knowledge, and no knowledge. Each of these levels is a category of the variable, and each category requires an operational rule that tells you how to assign any given respondent to the category. One way of operationally defining the categories might be as follows: High knowledge Correct responses to eight or more of the ten questions. Correct responses to between four and seven of the ten questions.Medium knowledge Low knowledge Correct responses to between one and three of the ten questions. No correct answers to any of the ten questions. No knowledge The number of correct answers a respondent gives to ten questions on HIATUS transmission. Note that the four categories of the variable are mutually exclusive, that is, they do not overlap. According to the operational rules established, a person cannot be laced in the category High Knowledge and at the same time be placed in the Medium, Low, or No category. The categories are also totally inclusive.Thus, in the example above, each of the four categories of the variable-?knowledge about HOW AIDS transmission-?should have approximately 25 percent of the respondents in the study population. If it is necessary to examine the response distribution of a variable before the procedures for establishing categories can be determined, then in the operational definition section of a study proposal the category names can be specified, but you should include a note indicating that each category will consist of approximately equal numbers of respondents.All variables must have at least two or more categories, or they are not variables but instead are constants. Whenever you are operationally defining a variable, it is always better to divide the variable into many categories instead of Just a few. In the examples given above, the variable knowledge about HIVE/AIDS transmission ranges from O to ten. That range gives a total of 1 1 categories. Subsequently, in the second example shown below, we collapsed these 11 categories into Just four categories consisting of high, medium, low, and no knowledge.If we wanted to, we could go even further and collapse the four categories into Just two: Knowledge of HIVE/AIDS transmission No knowledge of HOW AIDS transmission If you start with many categories, it is always easy to collapse these down to Just a few. But do not make the mistake of starting with Just a few categories, because subsequently you cannot expand them. Collapsing the categories of a variable is usually done after data collection has been completed and the frequency distribution of the variable has been examined. Sometimes it is possible to determine the disagrees of a variable on the basis of a good questionnaire pretest.Examples of Operationally Defined Variables Condom use The reported use of a condom at the last act of intercourse. The reported use of a condom during the last five or more acts of intercourse. Any peer educator who holds at least one group meeting on HIVE/AIDS per month or visits at least two homes of PLEA per month. Any village that has three or more of the following facilities: electricity, a government health clinic, a paved road within half a mile, a primary school, a bank, a post office, irrigation for 50 percent or more of the farmland. Peer educator performance Modern village A correct response to one or more of the ten questions.No correct answers to any of the ten questions. 41 Operational Definitions of Terms Recall that a hypothesis is a statement about an expected relationship between two or more variables. Just as it is necessary to define variables operationally, it is also necessary to operationally define the terms that indicate the nature of the relationship between the variables. For example, in many hypothesis statements, you will find such terms as those shown below: more than less than higher than lower Han greater than larger than bigger than smaller than In this example, the training program is the independent variable. In the hypothesis, this variable is already defined, at least partially, as five weeks long and field-based. Knowledge about HIVE/AIDS transmission is the dependent variable. We already have defined this variable as the number of correct responses to ten questions. What remains to be done is to define the term increase. If you do not define this term, you will find it impossible to know when the hypothesis has been proved or disproved. In there words, you need a standard of comparison that will tell you increase by how much.One way to define increase might be the following: Increase = Among peer educators, a mean HIVE AIDS knowledge score on the postposition test that is significantly greater (p 05) than the mean HIV/AIDS knowledge score of a control group of peer educators who did not participate in the training program. Note that this operational definition not only tells us the meaning of increase but also gives us the procedures that will be used to measure the increase. The mean HIV/AIDS gainst the mean HIV/AIDS knowledge score of a control group.The hypothesis will be accepted only if the mean score of the peer educators in the experimental group is greater than and significantly different from the mean score of the control group. To be absolutely clear, we also should define the word significantly: You are also likely to see in hypothesis statements such words as these: safer acceptable improved significant expanded increased Each of these terms can have a variety of meanings, so each requires an operational definition for the research proposal.The basic problem with such terms as more than or less than or increased is that they suggest a comparison but do not indica te the standard for the comparison. We need to know how much more and how much less and increased by how much. Suppose a study has the following simple hypothesis: A five-week, field-based training program will increase the knowledge about HIVE/AIDS transmission among peer educators who have taken the program. Significantly = A probability equal to or greater than . 95 that the mean score of the peer educators in the experimental group is higher than the control group mean core. 2 To summarize, operational definitions establish the rules and procedures an investigator plans to use to measure and give meaning to variables and terms. The operational definition identifies indicators that are observable events. We must be able to ask a question, hear a response, see a behavior, record an action, and measure an attribute. The definition establishes categories for variables. The categories must be mutually exclusive and totally inclusive. Operational definitions also establish the standard of comparison the investigator will use to either accept or reject a hypothesis.